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스마트융합콘텐츠 논문지

e-ISSN : 2951-2514

IEEE 802.11p/WAVE 통신 시스템에서 무선 채널 모델링 및 특성 분석
연도 : 2023
vol / no : 2 / 3
저자 : 임성묵
page : 19-28

최근 vehicle-to-everything (V2X) 통신에 대한 관심이 높아짐에 따라 차량 통신 시스템의 우수한 패킷 오류율 성능을 보장하기 위해 초정밀 채널 추정에 관한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 고속의 차량 이동 환경에서 채널은 주파수축 뿐만 아니라 시간축에서도 급격히 변하는 특성을 보이기 때문에 보다 정확한 채널 추정을 위해서는 채널의 시변 특성 및 주파수축 특성을 정확히 파악하고, 다양한 채널 환경을 정확히 모델링하는 것이 중요하다. 채널 추정 기법 연구에서 주로 고려되는 Codha 무선 채널은 최대 252km/h의 속도까지만 고려하고 있다. 그러나, WAVE 통신 시스템이나 5G NR에서는 최대 400km/h의 이동속도까지 고려되고 있기 때문에 이에 맞는 채널을 모델링할 필요가 있다. 본 논문에서는 Cohda 무선 채널을 기반으로 차량 간 최대 상대 속도가 400km/h일 때 채널 특성을 새롭게 모델링한다. 즉, 고속도로 환경에서 LOS (Line-of-sight)가 보장되는 환경에서 차량 간 상대속도가 400km/h인 경우와 NLOS (Non LOS) 환경에서 차량 간 상대속도가 400km/h인 경우의 채널 모델을 제시한다. 뿐만아니라, 모의실험을 통해 각 채널의 시나리오 별 시간축-주파수축 특성을 비교, 분석하였다.


Recently, as interest in vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication has increased, research on communication systems that can reliably and quickly transmit and receive information about vehicle safety services is being actively conducted. In particular, research on ultra-precision channel estimation is actively underway to ensure excellent packet error rate performance in vehicle communication systems. In a high-speed vehicle movement environment, channels show characteristics that change rapidly not only on the frequency axis but also on the time axis, so for more accurate channel estimation, it is important to accurately identify the time-varying characteristics and frequency axis characteristics of the channel and accurately model various channel environments. The Codha wireless channel, which is mainly considered in channel estimation technique research, is only considered at speeds of up to 252 km/h. However, since movement speeds of up to 400 km/h are being considered in the WAVE communication system or 5G NR, it is necessary to model the appropriate channel. In this paper, based on the Cohda wireless channel, we model new channel characteristics when the maximum relative speed between vehicles is 400 km/h. In other words, the channel model is designed for the case where the relative speed between vehicles is 400 km/h in an environment where LOS (line-of-sight) is guaranteed in a highway environment, and when the relative speed between vehicles is 400 km/h in an NLOS (Non LOS) environment. In addition, the time axis-frequency contraction characteristics of each scenario of the temporary channel were analyzed and confirmed through simulation experiments.

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